Works Cited

Internet sites:

http://www.nndb.com/people/808/000047667/

http://members.peak.org/~danneng/decision/usnews.html

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2002/aug/06/nuclear.japan

http://thoughtsonmilitaryhistory.wordpress.com/2007/11/09/why-did-truman-drop-the-bomb/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laws_of_war


http://inventors.about.com/od/astartinventions/a/atomic_bomb_2.htm


http://history1900s.about.com/od/worldwarii/a/hiroshima.htm


http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/9/newsid_3580000/3580143.stm

http://www.gensuikin.org/english/photo.html

http://www.wtj.com/archives/hiroshima.htm

http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/nuclear/radevents/1945JAP2.html

http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/bombing_of_nagasaki.htm

Books:

Hiroshima by Hersey, John in 1946

Enola Gay by Thomas, Gordon in 1977

Nagasaki; the necessary bomb? by Marx, Joseph Laurence in 1971

World War II by Sulzberger, C.L. in 1985

Encyclopedia of Historic Places Volume A-L by Courtlandt Canby in 1984

Encyclopedia of Historic Places Volume M-Z by Courtlandt Canby in 1984

Media:

http://www.nytimes.com/keyword/nagasaki

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/08/05/AR2005080501648.html

http://www.atomicarchive.com/Photos/Hiroshima/index.html


http://au.video.yahoo.com/watch/5310124/14009914

http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/news/newspapers2.cfm

http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0730.html#article

Documents:

http://www.cddc.vt.edu/host/atomic/hiroshim/index.html

http://www.cddc.vt.edu/host/atomic/hiroshim/truman1.html

http://www.doug-long.com/hst.htm

http://www.cddc.vt.edu/host/atomic/testpix/index.html

http://alsos.wlu.edu/qsearch.aspx?browse=places/Hiroshima,%20Japan

http://alsos.wlu.edu/qsearch.aspx?browse=places/Nagasaki,%20Japan

http://www.cddc.vt.edu/host/atomic/hiroshim/intervu1.html

"Who Done It"

Blog Posts: Hannah

Research: Hannah

Thesis(post): Hannah

After Picture of Fat Man

     Now this is ground zero after Fat Man struck Nagasaki of 1945. As you can see, there is nothing standing. Everything that was once there is gone or torn down. As one man said it took 45 seconds for the bomb to reach the ground and after those 45 seconds, human history had changed in a blink of an eye. Like Hiroshima, Nagasaki did great damage however, because of the terrain, there were less casualties than the bombing of Hiroshima.



Here, it looks like desert now and there are no more stable and upright buildings left.

Before Picture of Fat Man

Here are some pictures of Nagasaki before Fat Man struck this innocent city. The United States chose this destination because this was Japan's main military base and also the weather permitted the bombing. Truman had other destinations of where he wanted to drop the bombs such as Kokura, Niigata, and Kyoto. Kyoto was the first choice, however because of Henry L. Stimson, Secretary of War, we were unable to bomb them and decided to bomb Hiroshima.

This is an image of ground zero (where the bombing took place).

"Fat Man"

     "Fat Man" was the next atomic bomb that China was so lucky to experience. However, it wasn't luck they experienced, it was a complete and utter mess. Fat Man struck Nagasaki rather than Hiroshima this time considering that there was nothing left in Hiroshima. Fat Man struck Nagasaki on the morning of August 9, only three day later of the bombing or Hiroshima. This bomb was made out of Plutonium-239, considered to be much more explosive and stronger than Little Boy which was made out of Uranium-235. Unlike the bombing of Hiroshima, the bombing of Nagasaki was a greater explosion, however, it didn't cover as much land as the bombing of Hiroshima due to it's topography, or terrain. The mountains and valleys disabled most of Fat Mans radiation therefore causing the coverage to a minimum. Even though the terrain worked wonders for many people, Fat Man still was capable of abolishing most of everything in its path. In the end, though, the bomb did it's job and killed approximately 20,000 people and greatly injured about 50,000 people.



This link will lead you to a video of Fat Man.
http://au.video.yahoo.com/watch/5310124/1400994

The Unfortunate

The people that were most unfortunate were the ones that had to experience "Little Boy." Here are some more pictures, however these are of the people.




This is a picture of a young girl still alive with her skin pealing off like a snake would shed their skin except this is much more painful. Because of the high dosage of radiation and uranium, her skin peals off exposing her flesh to all the rubble and bacteria. Sooner or later, if she doesn't die from blood loss or exposure to radiation, she will die from bacterial infections.

And then there were also the less unfortunate that never stood a chance against the radiation. This young boy was victim of radiation to a point of no return. This middle schooler was carbonized immediately.

There were also some instances where people who were sitting down(such as this picture to the left) were exposed to "1,000 degrees to 3,000 degrees centigrade" were carbonized or incinerated immediately. All that would be left would be the marks of where these bodies once sat.





  

     This is an image of a soldiers eye. This man was exposed to the radiation and looked directly at the atomic bomb. What this man has is what scientists  call atomic bomb cataracts. Some cases of atomic bomb cataracts even occurred many months after being exposed to the radiation and also many years after.




It's depressing to know that we, Americans and our fathers and grandfathers, did this to 66,000 people in one day with one bomb. It's troubling to think that this boy and girl did nothing to us. This was where President Truman crossed the line from being in war to immoral acts.

After Pictures of Little Boy

Now here are the pictures of after "Little Boy."
The bombing left it's marks obviously by observing these before and after pictures of the bridge and the river. If someone thinks about it long enough and realize how horrific this event was, then they would think...what happened to the people?
In this picture, you can see how the radiation left it's marks when it passed through. The lighter parts that are behind the posts are the places where the radiation didn't touch. This also happened with cars, building, animals, and people. All the people and objects within two kilometers of ground zero left their marks.

          In this picture, you can tell that all the buildings that were once there and standing have had some dramatic toll taken on them. Either the buildings fell over or they were obliterated by the shock waves and radiation. The streets of Hiroshima were covered in rubble and pieces of everything that went flying.     

Before Pictures of Little Boy

These are pictures of before "Little Boy" hit Hiroshima. In both of these pictures, there's life, and people walking and driving around. Now, these people have no clue what's about to happen to them. An atomic bomb, Little Boy, is going to turn these peoples world's upside down. They will lose loved one, they will be in great pain, or they will be dead. The worst part about these photos of the people are that majority of them are innocent and never deserved to go through what Truman decided to put them through.

  
Look closely at the floors of the bridge...
Look at the buildings surrounding the river...




To view more pictures of before the bombing of Hiroshima, visit http://www.nucleardarkness.org/hiroshima/

"Little Boy"

     "Little Boy" was one of the bombs that was dropped in 1945 and that was it's codename. This bomb uranium filled bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, August 6 starting the mass production of destruction and chaos among the civilians of Hiroshima and the surrounding cities. This bomb was made mass extermination unfortunately. Considering the facts of the bomb, anyone would agree that "Little Boy" wasn't so little. It weighed over closely four and half tons. This bomb killed 66,000 civilians and injured approximately 69,000 civilians "by a 10-kiloton atomic explosion." This mass extermination, or vaporization, covered about half a mile in diameter and the shock wave that caused damage spread to a diameter of two miles and at about two and half miles, everything insight that was flammable had been burned. Overall, this bomb carefully covered a diameter of three miles.

This link will you lead you to a video of Little Boy.
http://www.metacafe.com/watch/392814/atomic_bomb_little_boy_original_footage/

Background Information

     The Manhattan Project was the name given to the project of creating the atomic bomb that the United States would eventually drop on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan in August of 1945. The atomic bombs were created by multiple people including great physicists such as Albert Einstein and Leo Szilard and was under the supervision of Robert Oppenheimer, also a physicist. The Manhattan Project took six years to be complete and the outcome were two great atomic bombs with the code names of "Little Boy" and "Fat Man" that turned people's worlds upside down in a matter of seconds. The devastation that these bombs caused were immeasurable and almost indescribable.

The Atomic Bomb

     The dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki was unjust and unfair because it caused massive destruction and innocent civilians of Japan to die ruthlessly and also because the Japanese people were ready to surrender. To some people, the bomb was justified because Japan fought back on civilians first, therefore breaking the law of war. The law of war states that all unnecessary destruction should be avoided and punishing civilians falls under that category. However, other people believe that by abiding the  rules, the law of war, they will clearly end up in the winning and that's what the  US managed to fail to do. Even though they ended the war with the atomic bomb, some individuals say it was cheating and an unfair way to end World War 2.